Neo-Renaissance palace at the top of Wenceslas Square, reopened in 2018 after years of restoration. Natural history, mineralogy, and the grand Pantheon hall with ceiling frescoes celebrating Czech history. More significant architecturally than for the collection, but impressive nonetheless.
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The building is the main attraction — the grand staircase, Pantheon hall, and restored interiors are worth the ticket. The natural history collection is decent but not essential. Climb to the dome for Wenceslas Square views. Combine with a walk down Wenceslas Square into the New Town.
Morning for the interiors in good light. Avoid rainy afternoons when the museum fills with tourists seeking shelter.
Completed in 1891, designed by Josef Schulz in neo-Renaissance style as a symbol of Czech national revival. Damaged by Soviet tanks in 1968 (bullet holes were visible until the restoration). Closed 2011-2018 for a complete renovation costing 2 billion crowns. The Pantheon hall ceiling fresco depicts Czech cultural and scientific heroes. The building anchors the top of Wenceslas Square, which is historically the site of major demonstrations and political events. Entry includes access to all exhibition wings.