Hilltop castle complex dating to the 9th century — the largest ancient castle in the world according to Guinness. Gothic cathedral spires, three courtyards, Golden Lane, and the best views over Prague's red rooftops. Essential, exhausting, worth it.
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Buy the full circuit ticket and enter via the east gate to avoid the worst crowds. St. Vitus Cathedral is the centerpiece — the Mucha stained glass windows in the north aisle are extraordinary. Old Royal Palace, St. George's Basilica, and Golden Lane (tiny medieval houses) follow. Skip the Castle Picture Gallery unless you have unlimited time.
First entry slot (9am in summer, 6am when they open at sunrise in peak season) or late afternoon after 3pm when tour groups thin. The castle is open until 10pm in summer — evening visits mean illuminated views without daytime crowds. Winter means shorter hours but fewer tourists.
Founded in the 9th century, rebuilt and expanded over a millennium. St. Vitus took 600 years to complete (1344-1929). The Czechoslovak presidents and now Czech presidents work here — it is a functioning government seat, not just a museum. Security lines can be brutal in summer. The view from the castle ramparts over Malá Strana is the best in Prague. Golden Lane is overhyped but photogenic. Wear comfortable shoes — the complex is vast and involves cobblestones, stairs, and hills.