A Renaissance pentagonal star-fort built across the 16th and 17th centuries and reckoned one of the finest examples of Spanish military architecture, the Ciudadela was handed to the city in 1964 and is now a 280,000-square-metre public park — Pamplona's green lung. Its old powder houses stage exhibitions and its lawns hold outdoor sculpture by Oteiza, Aizkorbe and Sada. Fortress and park in one, free to all.
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A slow loop of the ramparts and the star-fort bastions, taking in the outdoor sculpture and whatever's showing in the old powder houses. Bring time, not a checklist.
Daytime, especially a bright afternoon for the sculpture and the walk. It flows naturally into the adjoining Taconera and Vuelta del Castillo green spaces.
Free entry, open daily. A genuine star-fort turned city park — good for walking, picnics and art. Connects on foot to the Taconera gardens and the Ensanche.